Cardiovascular Disease

This guide breaks down what cardiovascular disease really means, why it’s so common in the Philippines, and most importantly, what you can do to protect yourself and your loved ones.

What Is Cardiovascular Disease?

Cardiovascular disease refers to a group of disorders that affect the heart and blood vessels. It includes coronary artery disease (leading to heart attacks), cerebrovascular disease (leading to strokes), hypertension, heart failure, arrhythmias (irregular heartbeat), and peripheral artery disease (poor blood circulation to the limbs). These conditions typically develop when arteries become narrowed or blocked by plaque—fatty deposits made up of cholesterol and other substances. This reduces blood flow and oxygen delivery to the heart or brain.

Sometimes, people don't even know they have a problem until a major event—like a heart attack or stroke—happens. That’s why awareness and early detection are critical. Learn more from the World Health Organization.

Why Cardiovascular Disease Is So Common Among Filipinos

Several lifestyle and systemic factors make CVD especially prevalent in the Philippines. Filipino cuisine is rich in flavor but often high in salt, sugar, and saturated fats. Dishes like lechon, longganisa, and instant noodles can raise cholesterol and blood pressure. Physical inactivity is also common, with long work hours, heavy traffic, and screen-heavy lifestyles limiting opportunities for exercise.

Smoking remains a major concern. Based on a Global Adult Tobacco Survey, nearly 23% of Filipino adults smoke—one of the highest rates in Southeast Asia. Add to that heavy alcohol use, limited access to healthcare, and underdiagnosed conditions like hypertension and diabetes, and the risks compound.

Other contributing factors include:

• Genetic predisposition and family history of heart disease
  

• Poor air quality in urban centers
  

• High levels of daily stress due to work, finances, and environmental factors
  

• Limited access to nutritious, affordable food in rural and low-income areas

All of these factors contribute to the growing burden of cardiovascular disease in the country.

Most Common Types of Cardiovascular Disease in the Philippines

While cardiovascular disease is a broad term, these are the most common conditions affecting Filipinos:

1. Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)

Often called the "silent killer," hypertension rarely shows symptoms but significantly increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes. According to the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), over 25% of Filipino adults have high blood pressure. If left uncontrolled, it damages blood vessels, the heart, and the kidneys over time.

2. Heart Attacks (Myocardial Infarction)

Caused by blocked arteries, heart attacks can lead to permanent heart damage or death if not treated quickly. 

3. Stroke

A stroke happens when blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted. Ischemic stroke (due to clots) is the most common type. It can lead to long-term disability or death. High blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, and obesity are major risk factors.

4. Heart Failure

This doesn’t mean the heart stops working, but rather it can’t pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs. It often results from years of untreated hypertension or heart damage caused by previous heart attacks.

5. Arrhythmias (Irregular Heartbeat)

These can range from harmless to life-threatening. Common types include atrial fibrillation (AFib), which increases stroke risk, and ventricular tachycardia, which can cause sudden cardiac death.

6. Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)

PAD occurs when narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the limbs, usually the legs. It may cause leg pain when walking and can increase the risk of heart attack or stroke.

Symptoms to Watch For

CVD symptoms vary depending on the condition. However, common signs include:

• Chest pain or discomfort
  

• Shortness of breath
  

• Fatigue or weakness
  

• Irregular heartbeat or palpitations
  

• Swelling in the legs or ankles
  

• Dizziness or fainting

Sudden numbness, slurred speech, or one-sided weakness could signal a stroke. Filipinos often attribute these symptoms to stress, "lamig," or overwork. But don't ignore them—early treatment saves lives. Diagnosis may involve blood pressure monitoring, cholesterol and blood sugar tests, ECGs, echocardiograms, stress tests, or imaging like CT scans and angiograms.Thankfully, more barangay health centers and government hospitals now offer affordable screening. 

How to Lower Your Cardiovascular Risk

1. Choose heart-healthy foods.
   

• Focus on fruits, vegetables, fish, brown rice, legumes, and nuts. Try alternatives like grilled bangus or steamed vegetables instead of fried ulam.
  

2. Get moving.
   

• Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate activity most days.

• Walking in your barangay or dancing to a Zumba video on YouTube both count.
  

3. Limit alcohol and quit smoking.
   

• Stick to one drink per day (for women) or two (for men), or better yet, consider alcohol-free days. 

• Stopping yourself from smoking may be difficult if you’re a heavy smoker but your heart and overall health will thank you for it.
  

4. Manage stress naturally.
   

• Prayer, music, walking outdoors, or guided breathing can help.

• Apps like Insight Timer offer Filipino-language meditations.
  

5. Get regular checkups.
   

• Visit a health center or use telehealth platforms that can serve you without leaving your home.
  

6. Take your medicine faithfully.
   

• Maintenance meds are essential for controlling chronic conditions.

• Use pill organizers or reminders to stay consistent.
  

7. Educate and support your family.
   

• Share what you learn with your parents, kids, or spouse.

• Healthier families start with informed conversations.

When to See a Cardiologist

It’s time to see a heart specialist if you:

• Have a strong family history of heart disease
  

• Experience chest pain or discomfort, especially during physical activity
  

• Notice frequent dizziness, fainting, or palpitations
  

• Have persistent high blood pressure
  

• Have had a stroke or heart attack in the past

Protecting Filipino Hearts Starts With Awareness

Cardiovascular disease is a major health threat in the Philippines—but it doesn’t have to be your fate. With informed choices, educational content like Andyou's Health Club, and early intervention, you can protect your heart and those you love.

Stay active, eat smart, stop smoking, and get regular checkups. Life is precious, and that includes yours.