Male Hypogonadism

This article explores male hypogonadism in detail, focusing on its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options tailored for Filipino men. Understanding this condition can empower you to take control of your health and improve your quality of life.

What is Male Hypogonadism?

Male hypogonadism refers to the condition where the testes produce abnormally low levels of testosterone or when the hormonal signals from the brain’s hypothalamus or pituitary gland fail to stimulate the testes properly. Testosterone plays a crucial role in men’s sexual development during puberty, as well as maintaining sexual function, muscle mass, bone health, and mental well-being in adulthood.

There are two main types of hypogonadism:

• Primary hypogonadism, where the problem lies within the testes themselves, causing inadequate hormone production.
  

• Secondary hypogonadism, which originates from dysfunction in the brain areas (hypothalamus or pituitary) responsible for regulating hormone release.

Correctly identifying the type is essential because it guides the approach to treatment. In the Philippines, the prevalence of male hypogonadism is increasing, partly due to rising obesity rates, diabetes, and lifestyle changes. According to the World Health Organization, sexual and reproductive health often remains a neglected area despite its impact on overall well-being.

Signs and Symptoms of Hypogonadism

The symptoms of male hypogonadism can be subtle and develop gradually over months or years, which often causes men to attribute changes to normal aging rather than a treatable condition. Key symptoms include:

• Decreased sexual desire and erectile dysfunction: Testosterone influences libido, so low levels can reduce sexual interest and performance.
  

• Fatigue and decreased energy: Men often report persistent tiredness that doesn’t improve with rest.
  

• Loss of muscle mass and strength: Testosterone supports muscle growth; low levels lead to muscle wasting.
  

• Increased body fat: Particularly abdominal fat, which can worsen hormone imbalances.
  

• Mood changes: Irritability, depression, difficulty concentrating, or feelings of low motivation.
  

• Reduced body and facial hair: Testosterone is responsible for secondary sexual characteristics.
  

• Infertility: Low testosterone can reduce sperm production and affect fertility.

These symptoms not only affect physical health but also mental and emotional well-being, sometimes leading to social withdrawal and reduced quality of life. In the Philippines, cultural stigma surrounding male sexual health may prevent open discussions, delaying diagnosis and treatment.

Common Causes of Male Hypogonadism in the Philippines

Understanding the causes helps Filipino men and healthcare providers develop effective management strategies. Causes of male hypogonadism are varied and include both congenital and acquired factors. One of the leading contributors in the Philippines is obesity and metabolic syndrome. Excess fat tissue, especially around the abdomen, converts testosterone into estrogen, lowering the amount of active testosterone available. The country’s rising obesity rates have correlated with more men experiencing hypogonadism symptoms at younger ages.

Type 2 diabetes, another growing health challenge locally, also plays a significant role. Diabetes affects nerves and blood vessels, impairing hormone production and sexual function. The Oxford Academic reports a strong connection between poorly controlled diabetes and reduced testosterone levels.

Other common causes include:

• Chronic illnesses such as liver or kidney disease, which affect hormone metabolism.
  

• Certain medications, including corticosteroids, opioids, and some chemotherapy drugs that suppress testosterone production.
  

• Testicular injuries or infections like mumps orchitis that damage hormone-producing tissues.
  

• Pituitary gland disorders, such as tumors or genetic conditions, that disrupt hormonal signaling.
  

• Aging, which naturally decreases testosterone but when compounded with other factors can lead to clinical hypogonadism.

A comprehensive medical history and physical examination are crucial to identify the root cause.

Diagnosing Male Hypogonadism

If you suspect hypogonadism, the first step is to see a healthcare provider who will evaluate symptoms and perform a physical exam. Diagnosing hypogonadism requires blood tests to measure hormone levels, preferably in the morning when testosterone peaks naturally.

The primary tests include:

• Total testosterone: The overall testosterone circulating in the blood.
  

• Free testosterone: The hormone not bound to proteins and readily available for body tissues.
  

• Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): To determine whether the issue lies in the testes (primary) or the brain (secondary).
  

• Additional tests such as prolactin and thyroid hormones to rule out other conditions that mimic hypogonadism.

In the Philippines, hormone testing is available in major urban centers, with laboratories in Manila, Cebu, and Davao providing reliable services. Telemedicine platforms enable men to access specialists remotely, helping overcome stigma and geographic barriers.

Treatment Options for Filipino Men

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity of testosterone deficiency. The goal is to restore normal hormone levels, improve symptoms, and enhance quality of life.

Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) is the cornerstone treatment for men with clinically low testosterone. It is available in several forms:

• Intramuscular injections given every 1-2 weeks.
  

• Daily topical gels or creams absorbed through the skin.
  

• Transdermal patches applied once daily.
  

• Subcutaneous pellets implanted under the skin for gradual hormone release.

TRT can improve sexual function, energy, muscle mass, and mood. However, it requires careful medical supervision to monitor for side effects, such as increased red blood cell count or prostate issues. Besides medical therapy, lifestyle changes play a vital role. Filipino men are encouraged to engage in regular physical activity, particularly resistance training, which can naturally boost testosterone levels and improve overall health. Eating a nutrient-rich diet that includes local foods like malunggay (moringa), fish, and coconut oil can support hormone production. Managing weight, reducing alcohol intake, and quitting smoking also contribute to hormonal balance.

Many men use supplements containing herbal ingredients like fenugreek, tribulus terrestris, or ashwagandha to complement treatment. While some evidence supports their benefits, these supplements should never replace medical care. 

When to Seek Medical Advice

Men who experience persistent symptoms affecting their well-being, especially those with risk factors like obesity or diabetes, should consult a doctor. Early diagnosis and treatment reduce risks of complications such as osteoporosis, anemia, or cardiovascular problems. The Philippine Society of Endocrinology recommends regular health checks for men over 40 or those with metabolic risk factors, including hormone level assessments. Fortunately, modern telehealth platforms offer discreet access to specialists, enabling Filipino men to discuss sensitive issues without stigma or long clinic visits.

One of the biggest challenges in addressing male hypogonadism in the Philippines is cultural stigma. Talking about sexual and hormonal health remains taboo in many communities, leading to delayed diagnosis and untreated symptoms. Increasing public awareness through educational campaigns and reliable online resources is essential. Telehealth brands like Andyou provide science-based information to encourage men to prioritize their health and seek professional help.

Supporting Your Hormonal Health Journey

Male hypogonadism is a manageable condition. With the right diagnosis, treatment, and lifestyle, Filipino men can regain energy, confidence, and improved sexual and overall health.If you notice symptoms or have risk factors, don’t hesitate to consult a healthcare provider. Medical services, including hormone testing and testosterone therapy, are increasingly accessible in the Philippines both in clinics and via telemedicine. Taking proactive steps now can improve your vitality and quality of life for years to come. Educate yourself more about health conditions through Andyou’s Health Club. The more you know, the more you can prevent and stay healthy.